On the capitulation of Romania in August 1944, the German warships were ordered to leave Romanian harbours. Submarines 161 Alabama (BB8). The Romanian Navy during World War II was the main Axis naval force in the Black Sea campaigns and fought against the Soviet Union's Black Sea Fleet from 1941 to 1944. Emisiunea TV "Scutul Dobrogei" Urmăreşte emisiunea din data de 20 decembrie Emisiunea radio "Scutul Dobrogei" Urmăreşte emisiunea din data de 21 decembrie Revista "Marina Română" A apărut Nr.6 (208) din 2020 Recomandări. romanian navy. She was struck by a large aerial bomb, which fell in her fuel tanks, but failed to detonate. [31] The mines laid near Odessa later sank the Soviet submarines M-33 and M-60[32] and the motor gunboats YA-26 and YA-27 in 1944. The two submarines, Rechinul and Marsuinul, were received however too late in the war to see significant action, as after 1941 there were very few available targets.[19]. Thus, the artillery of the Romanian 17th Marine Infantry Battalion, operating in the Periprava sector, shelled and sank six Soviet armored motor gunboats. The Romanian warships were supported by coastal artillery, including the German coastal battery Tirpitz (nominally under Romanian command) and the Soviet warships by Tupolev SB bombers. [5][6] The steam liners Regele Carol I, România, Împăratul Traian and Dacia were converted into auxiliary cruisers. [54] The modern Romanian-built submarines Rechinul and Marsuinul were completed in 1942 but could not begin their operations until 1944 and come too late to score results. [41][42], Romanian warships and marines in the Danube Delta supported the Romanian-German ground forces during their offensive into Bessarabia, at the start of July 1941. [25], Between 7 and 16 October 1941, Amiral Murgescu along with two auxiliary minelayers, all three escorted by the Romanian 250t-class torpedo boats Năluca, Sborul and Smeul, the Romanian gunboats Sublocotenent Ghiculescu and Căpitan Dumitrescu and the Bulgarian torpedo boats Drazki, Smeli and Hrabri, laid four full minefields and one partial minefield along the Bulgarian coast. TKA-332 was hit and sunk.[21][22][23]. 4K51 Rubezh anti-ship missile launching system at Capu Midia firing range. In 1938, the sail ship Mircea was built in Hamburg by the Blohm & Voss shipyard as a training vessel for the Romanian Navy. [5] The river monitors participated in the defense of Tutrakan and later secured the flank of the Romanian and Russian defenders in Dobrudja. The 1899 program called for six coastal battleships, four destroyers and twelve torpedo boats. Axworthy, Mark; Scafeș, Cornel; Crăciunoiu, Cristian (1995). ZIUA MARINEI ROMÂNE - 115 ani de tradiţie 15 august 2017. [48][49][50], The most notable achievements of the Romanian Naval Aviation during World War II were the sinking of two Soviet submarines by a single Z.501 in August 1941, followed by the capture of a Soviet armed merchantman by a group of Heinkels in October. On 18 April, the Soviet Leninets-class submarine L-6 was twice attacked with depth charges and damaged by the Romanian gunboat Ghiculescu, numerous bubbles emerged from the depths after each attack, before being finished off by the German submarine hunter UJ-104. The following major seaports were protected by Romanian mine barrages by the end of 1943: Romania capitulated on 23 August 1944, in the aftermath of a successful Soviet land offensive. Events This achievement earned the Romanian naval commander, Rear-Admiral Horia Macellariu, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Crucea de Cavaler a Crucii de Fier, in Romanian). [1] The Romanian flotilla leader Mărăști and the destroyer Regina Maria together with the minelayer Amiral Murgescu defended the port against the Soviet cruiser Voroshilov and the Leningrad-class destroyer leaders Kharkov and Moskva. [62], Uniquely, in the Second World War, the Romanian Navy was the only navy to fight for over three years without losing a single unit of its main force of destroyers and submarines. Thus, by the end of 1943, the main operational warships of the Romanian Black Sea Fleet amounted to: Throughout the war, numerous ports along the Western and Northern shores of the Black Sea were put under the protection of Romanian naval minefields. One more armored motor gunboat was sunk at Isaccea by the riverine artillery of a Romanian Marine Infantry detachment. boy one; 1st c of mt: first captain of the maintop; 1st c of t: first captain of tops; 1st mus: musician first (writing musician) 2nd c of mt: second captain of the maintop Ancient naval vessels were made of wood, water-proofed using pitch and paint, and propelled by both sail and oars. The Romanian-built minelayer Amiral Murgescu and the three auxiliary minelayers of the Romanian Navy played an important role in the defence of Constanța in 1941 and later in securing the merchant convoy routes to the Bosporus and the supply routes to Odessa and Sevastopol. [5] A number of these warships would have been built under license in Romania at Galați, where a new dry dock was developed. The Romanian Navy is organized in one Frigate Flotilla and one Riverine Flotilla. Romanian Navy during the War of Independence. The senior officers were drawn from Rome’s senatorial class. The current chief of the Romanian Navy, succeeding Vice Admiral Dorin Dănilă on 3 July 2010, is Vice Admiral Aurel Popa. [6] The torpedo boat Fulgerul however was lost during the trip to Romania when she capsized and sank in the Bosphorus in 1922. Independent since 1878, Romania already had a flotilla on the Danube, but no real fleet. Submarinele României. [18], The two Regele Ferdinand class destroyers were the most powerful surface units available to the Axis powers during the naval war in the Black Sea but were mostly used for convoy escort. 7,150 men and women serve in the Romanian Navy. The first step towards this issue was taken in 1920, when a naval college was founded at Constanța. [47] The submarine was subsequently attacked by Soviet forces but she followed a route along the Turkish coast and managed to evade up to 80 depth charges, before safely arriving in the port of Constanța on 7 November. Their mission was to harass Soviet communication and supply lines. [11] The main success of the war was the mining of an Austro-Hungarian river monitor. "[24] Its base is near the largest military training range in Romania. Several Romanian names are derived by adding suffixes like –escu, -eanu, -anu, etc. Battleships 77 Alfred (formerly the Black Prince). There were also approximately six older gunboats used for border patrol, minelayers and other auxiliary ships used for transport or supply. However, when the Soviet minesweeper T-410 Vzryv, accompanied by the Romanian minelayer Amiral Murgescu, was sunk by a German submarine, the Soviet Navy accused the Royal Romanian Navy of betrayal and seized all vessels using this excuse on the 5th of September 1944. The Danube Division had to be strengthened by 8 river monitors (4 which were built) and 12 river torpedo-boats (8 were built). "MIRCEA", CAP COMPAS - MAREA BALTICĂ 23 mai - 22 septembrie 2017. [6][7][8], On 17 December 1941, near the Bessarabian coast, the Romanian destroyer Regele Ferdinand, while escorting a convoy of Bulgarian and Hungarian cargo ships, depth-charged and sank the Soviet M-class submarine M-59, after the latter unsuccessfully attacked the convoy with torpedoes. No Romanian warship was sunk while the Soviet destroyer leader Moskva was lost to a Romanian minefield as she was avoiding fire from the Romanian warships and coastal artillery. [2] The 307th Marine Battalion was involved in military exercises with similar troops from USA, the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, Italy and Ukraine that were organized locally or abroad. Ships could also be fitted wit… Standard equipment includes PA md. The two Romanian warships attacked the submarine with depth charges, sinking her with all hands. [60] She was the only minelayer of the Romanian Navy that was purpose-built and not used for anything else (Amiral Murgescu was also employed as a destroyer escort). The Romanian media reacted with shock and outrage to news of the 31 January 2006 acquittal on negligent homicide charges by a U.S. court martial of Van … Ghiculescu opened fire with tracer rounds, enabling the entire escort group to locate the two Soviet MTBs and open fire. [5] Officers were initially sent to Brest Naval Training Centre in France, as the Military School in Bucharest did not have a naval section. Sailing Ships 1 Allegheny (AT19), formerly the Huron. [53] The submarine Delfinul started an extensive refit at the end of 1942, which would keep her out of action for the remainder of the war. [14] The overwhelming superiority of the Soviet Navy forced the Royal Romanian Navy to conduct mainly defensive operations throughout the entire war and its warships rarely hazarded further east than Cape Sarych. 64 light machine guns, Md. Ships with multiple levels of rowers, such as the trireme, were fast and manoeuvrable enough to attack enemy vessels by ramming. Port stern quarter, underway. [59] Also sunk by Soviet aircraft was the minelayer Aurora, on 15 July 1941, near Sulina. The majority of naval losses, both inflicted and suffered by the Romanian Navy, were caused by naval mines. As of 2010, ca. The Germans noted the rigid hierarchical system in th… In 1926, two additional destroyers were ordered from Italy: Regele Ferdinand and Regina Maria of the Regele Ferdinand class destroyer, together with the Romanian Navy's first submarine, Delfinul, and the submarine depot ship Constanța. [8] The protected cruiser had guarded the mouths of the river Danube during the Second Balkan War, but she was disarmed when World War I began. [64] A number of warships (such as Amiral Murgescu) were never returned. [61] Seven 25-ton Italian MAS motor torpedo boats, each armed with two 350 mm torpedoes, were also acquired in 1943. Last names are often derived from occupation, location, and nicknames. Naval engagements took place on 13 and 14 July, near the mouth of the Danube, on each day the Romanian monitor Mihail Kogălniceanu engaging and damaging a Soviet monitor, the latter being identified as Udarnyy. By the autumn of 1941 the Romanians had advanced – mostly on foot or on horseback – across the Ukraine and Bessarabia to the Black Sea, had taken Odessa after a two-month siege and were entering the Crimea. After attacking, the submarine was located by a German BV 138C flying boat, and the Romanian gunboats Sublocotenent Ghiculescu and Stihi Eugen were sent to the scene. Auxiliary Ships 63 Anderson (DD411). [14][15] Another nine British motor torpedo boats were to be built under license at Galați, but this plan was canceled after Romania joined the Axis. By 1906 personnel numbered about 1500 The 307th Marine Battalion ('Batalionul 307 Infanterie Marină') is the costal defence unit of the Romanian Navy. [30], On 24 June 1942, Amiral Murgescu along with one auxiliary minelayer laid mines off Odessa, while being escorted by the Romanian destroyers Regele Ferdinand and Regina Maria, the Romanian flotilla leader Mărășești, the Romanian gunboats Ghiculescu, Stihi and Dumitrescu and the Romanian gunboat Smeul (ex-torpedo boat), as well as German motor minesweepers of the Donau Flotilla. The Royal Romanian Navy was involved in the evacuation of Axis forces from Crimea in 1944. The fourth torpedo hit the Soviet destroyer, but failed to detonate. [6] None of these ships were ever built. Two naval actions involving the Romanian Navy took place during the second phase of the evacuation (25 April-10 May), near Sevastopol. Articles with Romanian-language external links, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Mihail Kogălniceanu class river patrol monitors, "Mihail Kogălniceanu" class river patrol monitors, Official site of the Romanian Naval Forces, Black Sea Naval Co-operation Task Group (BLACKSEAFOR), https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Romanian_Naval_Forces?oldid=4687941, Pages using infobox military unit with unknown parameters, Naval Helicopter Group (IAR Puma Naval helicopters), 88 River Patrol Boat Squadron (VB 76 class), "Vice Admiral Constantin Bălescu" Naval Training School, "Admiral I. Murgescu" Navy Petty Officer School, "CALLATIS" Radio-Electronics and Surveillance Center, Training, Simulation and Evaluation Center. "Fulgerul" (The Lighting) gunboat, built in 1873 at Toulon, was the first military ship to have sailed under Romanian flag in maritime waters. In the ensuing battle, the Soviet Shchuka-class submarine Shch-206 was attacked by Năluca, at first with 20 mm rounds and then with depth charges, eventually being sunk with all hands. The first base was at Izmail (Black sea), commanded by an Army colonel, Nicolae Steriade. On 10 November, supporting the continuing Allied advance, two Romanian river torpedo boats landed troops at Topalu to occupy the village. Nave româneşti uitate: bolozanul . [6][7] Four destroyers (and allegedly a submarine[5][6]) were actually ordered from Italy, but they were not delivered as the Italian Navy requisitioned them in 1914. Delfinul . WARSAW, Poland — Romanian Defence Minister Mihai Fifor has unveiled plans by the ministry to buy three new submarines. [14], The expansion of the Romanian Navy during the interwar period required more training facilities and ships. Legates or Lieutenants are the second rank holders in the roman military hierarchy who are responsible for commanding legions.The commandants at this position are in charge of a host of tasks. [6] The riverine base was at Galați, while the maritime base was at Constanța, which was now part of Romania. On the coast of the Dubrusja, the port of … While the Royal Romanian Navy had light losses throughout the war, the state merchant navy was practically non-existent by late 1944: every ship of the SMR was sunk or damaged by the Soviet Navy and Air Force because of the light Romanian and German forces in the Black Sea that were unable to provide adequate protection.[22]. The Romanian Navy during World War II was the main Axis naval force in the Black Sea campaigns and fought against the Soviet Union's Black Sea Fleet from 1941 to 1944. After the unification of Wallachia and Moldavia, Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the ruling Domnitor of the Romanian Principalities, decided on 22 October 1860 by order no. [23] The unit Jipa Rotaru, Octavian Burcin, Vladimir Zodian, List of main Romanian Navy warships of World War II, attacked and sank the German transport ship, Operations in Romanian-occupied Soviet waters, Soviet Black Sea Fleet during the Battle of Stalingrad, Naval operations in Romanian-occupied Soviet waters, http://docplayer.ru/amp/27819615-Tragediya-transporta-zalcburg-i-gibel-podvodnoy-lodki-m-118.html, "russian Russian Navy - Soviet Navy - Soviet Union (1918-1991) S-34 (+1941)", "Ya-5 and Ya-5M types motor mortar boats (1942–1945)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romanian_Navy_during_World_War_II&oldid=988447737, Military history of Romania during World War II, Black Sea naval operations of World War II, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Built in the United Kingdom in 1898, sunk in October 1941, Built in Italy for the Romanian Navy, entered service in 1920, Built in Italy for the Romanian Navy, entered service in 1930, Built in Austria-Hungary during World War I, acquired by Romania after the end of the war, Built in Austria-Hungary, assembled and launched in Romania in 1907; served as anti-submarine escort fitted with two depth charge throwers, Built in Austria-Hungary in 1915, acquired by Romania after World War I; fitted for service at sea with one depth charge thrower, Built in France during World War I, acquired by Romania after the end of the war, Built in Austria-Hungary during World War I as torpedo boat, acquired by Romania after the end of the war and converted to escort gunboat, Built in Austria-Hungary during World War I as torpedo boat, acquired by Romania after the end of the war and converted to escort gunboat; sunk August 1944, Built in the United Kingdom in the late 1930s, acquired by Romania in 1940, Built in the United Kingdom in the late 1930s, acquired by Romania in 1940; sunk November 1941, Built in Russia during World War I as landing craft; converted to floating battery armed with two 152 mm guns and acquired by Romania in February 1918, Built in Italy for the Romanian Navy, entered service in 1936, This page was last edited on 13 November 2020, at 06:52. She sank on the 10th of October 1941 when she struck a mine laid by a Soviet submarine while herself was minelaying the Bulgarian coast. [12] Năluca, Sborul and Smeul, three of these old torpedo boats, will later see service in World War II. After the War of Independence, two naval rearmament programs were proposed for the Black Sea flotilla. The British torpedo boats from the Căpitan Nicolae Lascăr Bogdan class were built during 1906-1907 and weighed 50 tons each. In 1920, two of the initial four destroyers ordered from Italy were received. [1] In 1867, the royal yacht "Ștefan cel Mare" (Stephen the Great) entered service, followed by "Fulgerul" (The Lightning) gunboat in 1874 and the "Rândunica" (The Swallow) spar torpedo boat in 1875. Baza Logistică Navală. [1] The main goal of the navy was to organize, train and expand this small force. These ships represented the Romanian Flotilla during the War of Independence. was formed in the mid 1970s for the defence of the Danube Delta and Romanian Black Sea shore. The older vessels were received in September 1945, while the more modern ones (such as the Regele Ferdinand-class) were kept by the Soviet Black Sea Fleet until the early 1950s. Port bow. Of these, 18,000 were transported by Romanian ships. The old brig Mircea was also sunk during a Soviet air raid on 17 April 1944. [7] The 1912 naval program envisioned six 3,500-ton light cruisers, twelve 1,500-ton destroyers and a submarine. The Romanian Naval Forces ordered three IAR 330 Puma Naval helicopters, with the last one being commissioned in December 2008. [10] The Romanian Navy had a secondary role during World War I and only had light losses. This is the current structure of the Romanian Navy: Soldiers from the 307th Marine Battalion disembark from a Dutch landing ship at Vadu beach during a military exercise. [16][17][18] From 15 April to 14 May, numerous German and Romanian warships escorted many convoys between Constanța and Sevastopol. [5] The four river monitors were built in Italy during 1907-1907 and assembled at Galați. The bomb was extracted several days after the end of the operation.

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